Грамматика английского языка. Морфология Синтаксис. Кобрина Н.А., Корнеева Е.А. и др.
СПб.: СОЮЗ, 1999. - 496 с.
Пособие представляет собой второе дополненное и переработанное издание ранее изданного курса практической грамматики в двух частях - Морфология (М., Просвещение, 1985) и Синтаксис (М., Просвещение, 1986).
Пособие было допущено Министерством просвещения СССР в качестве учебного пособия для студентов педагогических институтов по специальности №2103 "Иностранные языки".
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СодержаниеMORPHOLOGYPARTS OF SPEECH 4THE VERB 4Formation of verb categories 5Morphological composition 5Basic verb forms 5Regular and irregular verbs 5The category of tense 14The category of aspect 14The category of perfect 16Present tenses 18Past tenses 29Future tenses 38Future in the past tenses 42The sequence of tenses 43The category of voice 46The category of mood 54NON-FINITE FORMS OF THE VERB (VERBALS) 70The Infinitive 70Predicative constructions with the infinitive 85The for-to-infinitive construction 85The objective with the infinitive construction 86The gerund 88The gerund and the infinitive compared 95The gerund and the verbal noun compared 97The participle 98MODAL VERBS 114Can 114May 117Must 120To have to, have got to 122To be to 123Need 125Ought to 126Should 127Shall 128Will 129Dare 131THE NOUN 132Semantic characteristics 132Morphological composition 133Morphological characteristics 134The category of number 135The category of case 144THE ARTICLE 147The use of the indefinite article 149The use of the definite article 151Absence of the article 155THE ADJECTIVE 162Semantic characteristics 162Morphological composition 163Morphological characteristics 164Adjectives of participial origin 166Adjectives and adverbs 166Patterns of combinability 166Syntactic functions 168Substantivized adjectives 168THE PRONOUN 169Morphological composition and categorical characteristics 170Subclasses of pronouns and their functions 170THE NUMERAL 182Morphological composition 183Morphological characteristics 184Patterns of combinability 184Syntactic function 186Substantivized numerals 187THE STATIVE 187Morphological characteristics 188Syntactic function 188THE ADVERB 189Morphological composition 190Morphological characteristics 190Semantic characteristics 192Syntactic functions and patterns of combinability 192Positional characteristics 194MODAL WORDS 194THE PREPOSITION 195Morphological composition 196Semantic characteristics 196Combinability of prepositions 198Positional characteristics 198THE CONJUNCTION 199Morphological composition 200Semantic characteristics 200Combinability of conjunctions and their functions 201THE CONJUNCTS 203THE PARTICLE 205THE INTERJECTION 206SYNTAXTHE SENTENCE 207Structural classification of sentences 208THE SIMPLE SENTENCE 209Two-member sentences 209One-member sentences 209Elliptical (incomplete) sentences 210COMMUNICATIVE TYPES OF SENTENCES 211Declarative sentences 211Interrogative sentences 212Imperative sentences 216Exclamatory sentences 218NON-SENTENCE UTTERANCES 219NEGATION 220PARTS OF THE SENTENCE 224Ways of expressing parts of the sentence 224Levels of syntactical analysis 227The subject 228The predicate 233Structural classification of the predicate 233The simple predicate 233The compound predicate 235Agreement of the predicate with the subject 243The object 249Ways of expressing the object 249Types of object 250Objects to adjectives 256Objects to statives 257Objects to adverbs 257The attribute 257Ways of expressing attributes 257The position of attributes 261Types of connection between an attribute and its headword 262The apposition 263Types of connection between an apposition and its headword 264The adverbial modifier 265Obligatory and non-obligatory adverbial modifiers 265Detached adverbial modifiers 266Ways of expressing adverbial modifiers 267Structural classification of the adverbial modifier 268Semantic characteristics of the adverbial modifier 269Semantic classes of adverbial modifiers 269Independent elements of the sentence 274WORD ORDER 276The grammatical function of word order 276The emphatic and communicative functions of word order 280The linking function of word order 282THE PREDICATIVE COMPLEXES 282The subjective predicative constructions 284The objective predicative constructions 286The absolute nominative constructions 291The for-to-infinitive constructions 294The gerundial predicative constructions 295THE COMPOSITE SENTENCE 296THE COMPOUND SENTENCE 297THE COMPLEX SENTENCE 301Formal indicators of subordination (connectors) 301Functional classification of subordinate clauses 304The complex sentence with nominal clauses 304The complex sentence with an attributive clause 309The complex sentence with an adverbial clause 312The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of place 313The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of time 313The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of manner 315The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of comparison 315The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of condition 316The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of concession 319The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of purpose 321The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of cause 321The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of result (consequence) 322The complex sentence with mutually subordinated clauses 323Pseudo-complex sentences 324Appended clauses (повторы с уточнением) 325Absolute (or indendent) subordinate clauses 325Parenthetical clauses (parentheses) 326INDIRECT SPEECH 326APPENDIX I. SOME WAYS OF SENTENCE EXTENSION 329APPENDIX II. SOME SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES OF ANALYSIS 333APPENDIX III. SUGGESTED WAYS OF SENTENCE ANALYSIS 335
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